Record ID No. |
6052 |
Author(s) |
Bagyaraj D. J. , 2018 |
Affiliation |
Center for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development (CNBRCD), 41 RBI Colony, Anand Nagar, Bangalore 560024. |
Title |
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Biological Control of Soil-Borne Plant Pathogens. |
Source. Vol.(no):Page |
KAVAKA. 51: 1-6. |
Categories |
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza |
Subjects |
Biological Interaction Ecology |
Sub-subjects |
Pathogenic fungi |
Host |
NA |
Organism |
Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma terrestris, Sclerotium rolfsii |
Country |
India |
Abstracts |
The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in improving plant growth is now well documented. Most of the studies on AMF-root pathogens suggest that AMF decreased or mitigated the disease severity. Consistent reduction of disease symptoms has been described for fungal, bacterial and nematode pathogens. Studies conducted so far suggest that the mechanisms of suppression may be due to morphological, physiological and biological alterations in the host. Thickening of the cell walls through lignification and production of other polysaccharides in mycorrhizal plants preventing penetration and growth of pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum and Phoma terrestris have been demonstrated. Higher concentration of ortho-dihydroxy phenols present in mycorrhizal plants compared to non-mycorrhizal plants was found to be
inhibitory to the root rot pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii. The activation of specific plant defence mechanisms as a response of AMF colonization is
an obvious basis for the protective capacity of AMF. Among the compounds involved in plant defence studied in relationship to AMFformation are phytoalexins, enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, chitinases, peroxidases, pathogenesis related (PR) proteins etc. Mycorrhizal plants
harbourhigherpopulation of microorganisms in the rhizosphere thus making it difficult for the pathogen to compete and gain access to the root.
Further mycorhizosphere supports higher population of antagonists and siderophore producers. Thus the possibility of biologically controlling
the root pathogens with AMFlooks promising. |