Record ID No. |
833 |
Author(s) |
Cavallazzi, JRP; Filho, OK; Stuermer, SL; Rygiewicz, PT; de Mendonca, MM. , 2007 |
Affiliation |
de Mendonca, MM, Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Cx P 476, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil |
Title |
Screening and selecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for inoculating micropropagated apple rootstocks in acid soils |
Source. Vol.(no):Page |
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE. 90(2):117-129p. |
Categories |
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza |
Subjects |
Soil plant relations |
Sub-subjects |
Difficult sites |
Host |
Malus domestica |
Organism |
Glomus etunicatum, Scutellospora pellucida, S. heterogama |
Country |
Brazil, South America |
Abstracts |
Santa Catarina state is the largest producer of apples in Brazil. Soils in this region have low pH and high levels of aluminum and manganese, requiring high inputs of fertilizers and amendments increasing costs of apple production. Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can improve the establishment of micropropagated apple plants in such adverse soil conditions. Soil samples were collected from apple orchards in the Cacador, Fraiburgo and Sao Joaquim regions to develop a corn bioassay to identify mycorrhizal communities with high infectivity. Eleven fungal species were identified from one Cacador soil with the highest infectivity. Glomus etunicatum SCT110, Scutellospora pellucida SCT111, Acaulospora scrobiculata SCT112 and Scutellospora heterogama SCT113 were brought into single-species culture and used in a plant growth and nutrient uptake experiment using micropropagated apple (Malus prunifolia), cultivated at three soil pH. Colonization by fungal isolates significantly affected plant height, shoot and root dry weights, and root:shoot ratio. Soil pH also significantly affected all growth parameters except shoot dry weight. Mycorrhizal inoculation also significantly altered tissue concentrations of P, Zn, Cu, Ca, S, Na, N, K, Fe and Al. Association with mycorrhizal fungi increased P concentration and also decreased Al concentrations in the shoots. Overall, G. etunicatum and S. pellucida were the most effective isolates to promote plant growth and nutrient uptake. Inoculation of apple rootstock with selected fungal isolates during the acclimatization stage represents a useful strategy for producing micropropagated apples that can withstand acidic soil conditions.
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